Frequency Analysis based on Monthly Comb
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It is obvious from inspection of price lines, that many seem to contain cycles that may persist in repeating for a long time. Through the years, technicians have expended much effort to measure and exploit these cycles. It would appear simple enough to do a frequency analysis on the time series. But the cycles or periods that seem so easy to see in the price data, have proven to be surprisingly difficult to measure by classical methods. The classical methods apply to stationary cycles of exactly regular period. We can easily remove the trends from historical price data to make the series stationary. However, the fluctuations seen in financial data are almost never exactly periodic, a fact that has played havoc with most schemes to exploit the market cycles. One factor in the behaviour of market fluctuations is "Anticipation". When speculators detect a cycle in prices, they will buy earlier before the peak, and sell earlier before the dip. This phenomena causes an increase in frequency, and eventually a breakup of the established cycle. Traditional frequency analysis methods such as the Fourier Transform, break down badly attempting to deal with these irregularities. Wilder estimated that there was an important period of about 28 trading sessions. The half cycle of this period (14 sessions) is a default factor in many of the technical indicators. We have found this to be a reasonable figure, even in today's markets, but there is significant variation between issues. Some companies just seem to have faster or slower cycles for one reason or another, and the indicators may be more accurate when fitted to the situation. New methods had to be invented to deal with the seeming mathematical absurdity in the notion of non-periodic cycles. |
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Frequency from Monthly Comb Filter
Representative Cycle (Trading Sessions) = 33.00
Sawtooth = 51.71
| Peak Type | Avg. Cycle | Median Cycle | Cycle Mode | Cycle Amplitude | | High | 16.59 | 34.00 | 28.00 | 9.45 % | | Low | 17.38 | 33.00 | 17.00 | 8.60 % |
| Recent High | Price | Recent Low | Price | Cycle | | Thursday, February 11, 2010 | 23.40 | | | 30 | | | Thursday, February 04, 2010 | 20.36 | 46 | | Tuesday, December 29, 2009 | 24.20 | | | 48 | | | Friday, November 27, 2009 | 21.66 | 18 | | | Monday, November 02, 2009 | 21.94 | 21 | | Tuesday, October 20, 2009 | 26.43 | | | 22 | | | Friday, October 02, 2009 | 25.06 | 40 | | Friday, September 18, 2009 | 27.27 | | | 38 |
Fourier Transform after Digital Filter M | Cycle Length | Fourier Amplitude | | 15 | 0.40 | | 17 | 0.40 | | 20 | 0.38 | | 27 | 0.30 | | 23 | 0.25 | | 25 | 0.25 | | 34 | 0.22 | | 39 | 0.21 | | 31 | 0.20 | | 41 | 0.19 | | 29 | 0.17 |
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Frequency Analysis based on Quarterly Comb
Frequency from Quarterly Comb Filter
Representative Cycle (Trading Sessions) = 49.00
Sawtooth = 49.86
| Peak Type | Avg. Cycle | Median Cycle | Cycle Mode | Cycle Amplitude | | High | 50.25 | 90.00 | 57.00 | 18.44 % | | Low | 48.42 | 95.00 | 49.00 | 23.12 % |
| Recent High | Price | Recent Low | Price | Cycle | | Tuesday, December 29, 2009 | 24.20 | | | 70 | | | Friday, November 27, 2009 | 21.66 | 135 | | Friday, September 18, 2009 | 27.27 | | | 92 | | | Monday, May 18, 2009 | 23.05 | 49 | | Friday, May 08, 2009 | 28.58 | | | 86 | | | Monday, March 09, 2009 | 20.03 | 78 | | Monday, January 05, 2009 | 34.02 | | | 177 | | | Wednesday, November 12, 2008 | 25.73 | 168 |
Fourier Transform after Digital Filter Q | Cycle Length | Fourier Amplitude | | 12 | 0.28 | | 16 | 0.22 | | 20 | 0.21 | | 93 | 0.15 | | 114 | 0.15 | | 141 | 0.14 | | 152 | 0.14 | | 158 | 0.14 | | 27 | 0.14 | | 34 | 0.13 | | 22 | 0.13 |
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Frequency Analysis based on Yearly Comb
Representative Cycle (Trading Sessions) = 0.00
Sawtooth = 56.47
| Peak Type | Avg. Cycle | Median Cycle | Cycle Mode | Cycle Amplitude | | High | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 % | | Low | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 % |
| Recent High | Price | Recent Low | Price | Cycle | | | Monday, March 09, 2009 | 20.03 | 1614 | | Friday, December 21, 2007 | 62.08 | | | 1428 | | | Tuesday, October 08, 2002 | 3.62 | 646 | | Tuesday, April 23, 2002 | 39.93 | | | 226 | | Wednesday, May 23, 2001 | 48.66 | | | 443 | | | Friday, March 10, 2000 | 20.38 | 385 | | Friday, August 20, 1999 | 28.24 | | | 351 | | | Monday, August 31, 1998 | 20.44 | 319 |
Fourier Transform on Raw Closing Prices | Cycle Length | Fourier Amplitude | | 819 | 3.70 | | 683 | 2.52 | | 512 | 1.71 | | 372 | 1.61 | | 585 | 1.40 | | 12 | 0.96 | | 315 | 0.95 | | 455 | 0.91 | | 216 | 0.81 | | 228 | 0.73 | | 273 | 0.73 |
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Average Sawtooth based on Monthly Combo
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Average Sawtooth based on Bi-weekly Combo
The Sawtooth statistic measures the time from each periodic high to the next periodic low, in comparison to the time from that low to the next high point . The mid-point, corresponding to a perfect sine wave, is 50 percent. Values less than this indicate the sell slope is steeper than the buy slope, while values over 50 percent show the opposite. This is supposed to indicate the degree of fear or greed. The chart represents the sawtooth percentage of (approximately) monthly cycles over the past year, and of the (approximately) bi-weekly cycles, averaged over the past six months.
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