Frequency Analysis based on Monthly Comb
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Short term fluctuations that seem to repeat with a regular frequency are often (even generally) seen in stock price charts. Through the years, technicians have expended much effort to measure and exploit these cycles. It would appear simple enough to do a frequency analysis on the time series. But the cycles or periods that seem so easy to see in the price data, have proven to be surprisingly difficult to measure by classical methods. The classical methods apply to stationary cycles of exactly regular period. We can easily remove the trends from historical price data to make the series stationary. However, the fluctuations seen in financial data are almost never exactly periodic, complicating most attempts to take advantage of these cycles. One factor in the behaviour of market fluctuations is "Anticipation". When speculators detect a cycle in prices, they will buy earlier before the peak, and sell earlier before the dip. This phenomena causes an increase in frequency, and eventually a breakup of the established cycle. Traditional frequency analysis methods such as the Fourier Transform, break down badly attempting to deal with these irregularities. Wilder estimated that there was an important period of about 28 trading sessions. The half cycle of this period (14 sessions) is a default factor in many of the technical indicators. We have found this to be a reasonable figure, even in today's markets, but there is significant variation between issues. Some companies just seem to have faster or slower cycles for one reason or another, and the indicators may be more accurate when fitted to the situation. The paradoxical condition of variable length periods forces the adoptation of some new forms of analysis. |
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Frequency from Monthly Comb Filter
Representative Cycle (Trading Sessions) = 23.00
Sawtooth = 51.15
| Peak Type | Avg. Cycle | Median Cycle | Cycle Mode | Cycle Amplitude | | High | 17.05 | 33.00 | 33.00 | 15.95 % | | Low | 17.13 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 14.46 % |
| Recent High | Price | Recent Low | Price | Cycle | | | Thursday, February 04, 2010 | 35.54 | 51 | | Tuesday, January 19, 2010 | 42.78 | | | 23 | | Monday, December 14, 2009 | 38.98 | | | 23 | | | Thursday, November 19, 2009 | 35.23 | 16 | | Tuesday, November 10, 2009 | 38.99 | | | 21 | | | Wednesday, October 28, 2009 | 34.47 | 39 | | Monday, October 12, 2009 | 36.40 | | | 70 | | | Wednesday, September 02, 2009 | 31.63 | 26 |
Fourier Transform after Digital Filter M | Cycle Length | Fourier Amplitude | | 11 | 0.59 | | 17 | 0.44 | | 20 | 0.40 | | 26 | 0.29 | | 28 | 0.26 | | 33 | 0.25 | | 24 | 0.24 | | 31 | 0.24 | | 41 | 0.22 | | 39 | 0.19 | | 49 | 0.16 |
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Frequency Analysis based on Quarterly Comb
Frequency from Quarterly Comb Filter
Representative Cycle (Trading Sessions) = 112.00
Sawtooth = 47.11
| Peak Type | Avg. Cycle | Median Cycle | Cycle Mode | Cycle Amplitude | | High | 47.00 | 80.00 | 70.00 | 22.85 % | | Low | 53.75 | 90.00 | 60.00 | 22.59 % |
| Recent High | Price | Recent Low | Price | Cycle | | Tuesday, November 10, 2009 | 38.99 | | | 91 | | | Wednesday, September 02, 2009 | 31.63 | 129 | | Thursday, July 02, 2009 | 36.18 | | | 75 | | | Monday, March 02, 2009 | 24.80 | 56 | | Tuesday, March 17, 2009 | 29.40 | | | 34 | | | Monday, December 08, 2008 | 21.85 | 110 | | Tuesday, January 27, 2009 | 29.70 | | | 112 | | | Wednesday, July 02, 2008 | 26.86 | 112 |
Fourier Transform after Digital Filter Q | Cycle Length | Fourier Amplitude | | 10 | 0.37 | | 14 | 0.27 | | 16 | 0.25 | | 20 | 0.19 | | 76 | 0.15 | | 59 | 0.14 | | 102 | 0.14 | | 30 | 0.14 | | 141 | 0.13 | | 27 | 0.13 | | 49 | 0.12 |
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Frequency Analysis based on Yearly Comb
Representative Cycle (Trading Sessions) = 0.00
Sawtooth = 56.76
| Peak Type | Avg. Cycle | Median Cycle | Cycle Mode | Cycle Amplitude | | High | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 % | | Low | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 % |
| Recent High | Price | Recent Low | Price | Cycle | | | Monday, December 08, 2008 | 21.85 | 618 | | Monday, October 29, 2007 | 38.85 | | | 420 | | | Monday, June 26, 2006 | 18.59 | 536 | | Tuesday, February 28, 2006 | 23.13 | | | 145 | | Monday, August 01, 2005 | 23.79 | | | 170 | | | Monday, May 10, 2004 | 14.58 | 393 | | Friday, November 26, 2004 | 21.00 | | | 187 | | | Wednesday, October 16, 2002 | 7.62 | 489 |
Fourier Transform on Raw Closing Prices | Cycle Length | Fourier Amplitude | | 512 | 2.20 | | 585 | 1.71 | | 372 | 1.33 | | 683 | 1.17 | | 410 | 1.10 | | 12 | 0.97 | | 14 | 0.79 | | 341 | 0.77 | | 315 | 0.73 | | 241 | 0.68 | | 293 | 0.67 |
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Average Sawtooth based on Monthly Combo
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Average Sawtooth based on Bi-weekly Combo
Comparing the length of time from high points to successive lowpoints, against the corresponding time span from the lows to the following periodic highs, gives us the Sawtooth Indicator. The mid-point, corresponding to a perfect sine wave, is 50 percent. Values less than this indicate the sell slope is steeper than the buy slope, while values over 50 percent show the opposite. The Sawtooth Statistic gives a clue to the general mood of the markets, functioning as a sort of sentiment indicator. The chart represents the sawtooth percentage of (approximately) monthly cycles over the past year, and of the (approximately) bi-weekly cycles, averaged over the past six months.
| . | | | Semi-Annual Avg. of Bi-weekly Sawtooth Signals at 75 and 25 | Signaled Appreciation minus non-signaled Appreciation | Annualized % | | Buy Signals - 0 instances | | | | Sell Signals - 2 instances | | Future30SesAvgClose | 3.89 % minus 2.14 % = 1.75 % | 14.80 % | | Future5SesAvgClose | -0.26 % minus 0.42 % = -0.68 % | -34.79 % | | Future2SesAvgClose | -0.19 % minus 0.21 % = -0.41 % | -51.51 % | | . | | | Semi-Annual Avg. of Bi-weekly Sawtooth Signals middle Crossing | Signaled Appreciation minus non-signaled Appreciation | Annualized % | | Buy Signals - 18 instances | | | | Future30SesAvgClose | 0.50 % minus 2.14 % = -1.64 % | -13.91 % | | Future5SesAvgClose | 0.38 % minus 0.42 % = -0.04 % | -1.89 % | | Future2SesAvgClose | -0.28 % minus 0.21 % = -0.49 % | -62.76 % | | Sell Signals - 19 instances | | Future30SesAvgClose | 1.39 % minus 2.14 % = -0.75 % | -6.32 % | | Future5SesAvgClose | -0.16 % minus 0.42 % = -0.58 % | -29.57 % | | Future2SesAvgClose | -0.09 % minus 0.21 % = -0.30 % | -37.70 % | | . | | | Semi-Annual Avg. of Bi-weekly Sawtooth Signals at 70 and 30 | Signaled Appreciation minus non-signaled Appreciation | Annualized % | | Buy Signals - 1 instances | | | | Future30SesAvgClose | -4.05 % minus 2.14 % = -6.19 % | -52.40 % | | Future5SesAvgClose | 7.99 % minus 0.42 % = 7.57 % | 384.57 % | | Future2SesAvgClose | 3.78 % minus 0.21 % = 3.57 % | 453.51 % | | Sell Signals - 4 instances | | Future30SesAvgClose | 5.82 % minus 2.14 % = 3.68 % | 31.14 % | | Future5SesAvgClose | 0.74 % minus 0.42 % = 0.32 % | 16.15 % | | Future2SesAvgClose | 0.29 % minus 0.21 % = 0.08 % | 9.85 % | | . | | | Projection of Representative Monthly Cycle | Signaled Appreciation minus non-signaled Appreciation | Annualized % | | Buy Signals - 86 instances | | | | Future30SesAvgClose | 2.03 % minus 2.14 % = -0.11 % | -0.95 % | | Future5SesAvgClose | 0.12 % minus 0.42 % = -0.30 % | -15.07 % | | Future2SesAvgClose | -0.30 % minus 0.21 % = -0.51 % | -64.84 % | | Sell Signals - 94 instances | | Future30SesAvgClose | 2.87 % minus 2.14 % = 0.73 % | 6.21 % | | Future5SesAvgClose | 0.18 % minus 0.42 % = -0.24 % | -12.41 % | | Future2SesAvgClose | 0.09 % minus 0.21 % = -0.12 % | -15.55 % | | . | | | Projection of BiWeekly Modal Cycles | Signaled Appreciation minus non-signaled Appreciation | Annualized % | | Buy Signals - 184 instances | | | | Future30SesAvgClose | 2.74 % minus 2.14 % = 0.60 % | 5.07 % | | Future5SesAvgClose | 0.39 % minus 0.42 % = -0.04 % | -1.84 % | | Future2SesAvgClose | 0.26 % minus 0.21 % = 0.05 % | 6.43 % | | Sell Signals - 183 instances | | Future30SesAvgClose | 2.53 % minus 2.14 % = 0.40 % | 3.35 % | | Future5SesAvgClose | 0.34 % minus 0.42 % = -0.08 % | -3.90 % | | Future2SesAvgClose | 0.16 % minus 0.21 % = -0.05 % | -5.95 % | | . | | | | |
| The best buy signal for 30 future sessions was 0.60 % from the Projection of BiWeekly Modal Cycles,and the best sell signal for was -0.75 % from the Semi-Annual Avg. of Bi-weekly Sawtooth Signals middle Crossing. | | For 5 future sessions the best buy signal was 7.57 % from the Semi-Annual Avg. of Bi-weekly Sawtooth Signals at 70 and 30,and the best sell signal was -0.68 % from the Semi-Annual Avg. of Bi-weekly Sawtooth Signals at 75 and 25. | | The best buy signal for 2 future sessions was 3.57 % from the Semi-Annual Avg. of Bi-weekly Sawtooth Signals at 70 and 30,and the best sell signal was -0.41 % from the Semi-Annual Avg. of Bi-weekly Sawtooth Signals at 75 and 25. |
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